The crema in an ESP is actually oil and foam, and oil exists in two forms-oil as a liquid and fat as a solid. The presence of grease destroys the foam structure and can cause crema to disappear quickly within minutes. Because the surfactants in coffee are dissolved in water, the surfactants on the fat surface are pulled away from the foam surface with the water, making the foam weak, lose elasticity, and then quickly disappear.
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